Река Марица била основна „магистрала“ на Тракия

Появата на железницата подляла вода на корабоплаването по реката

Разстоянието от Пловдив до Одрин е 197 километра. За европейските пътешественици от ХVІІ в. това означавало дълъг и уморителен път. Но имало и друга възможност – пътуване по река Марица. Това било бързо и приятно придвижване, при това разкривало приказни гледки.

Друга била Марица в миналото. Не случайно в древността Лукиан я нарича най-голямата река, за Херодот тя е „свещеният Хеб­рос“, Страбон обяснява, че ре­ката е плавателна, кажи-речи, до Белово.  Явно е било така, защото на антична монета от Пловдив се вижда кораб с шест реда гребла. Спускането по течението и уси­лията на гребците осигурявали добра скорост. За пътуването в обратна посока се ползвали коне, които теглели с въжета плавателните съдове срещу течението.

Знае се, че от  ХVI век нататък Марица постепенно се наложила като основна магистрала на Тракия. Почти всичко се превозвало по вода – ненадминатият по качество ориз от Пловдив и Пазарджик, чудесна пше­ница, масло и сирене, зоб за султанските конюшни, желязото, добивано в Самоков и Софийско (го­дишно по реката се превозвали около 24 000 тона метал). Освен това към прис­танището в Енос, където чака­ли кораби от Англия, Франция и други страни, пътували кожи, бали с памук и тютюн, дървени въглища, вълна, пашкули и ред още стоки. Над 200 000 тона товари отнасяла Марица почти без ни­какви разноски. Замръзването ѝ се приемало като истинска катас­трофа.

Пътуването ставало със салове от насмолени дъски. Били тесни и дълги, за да минават под мостовете. Екипаж от трима души управ­лявал дългите по 20-25 метра плавателни съдове. Често се случвало да превозват и пътници.

В Пловдив имало и пристанище. Било до сегашните улици „Артилерийска“ и „Хъшовска“. Наблизо се намирали познатите ханове и кръчми, в складовете край брега чакали тонове товари. Говори се и за скеле (т.е. пристанище) при днешния мост на бул. „Руски”.

В средата на XIX в. едно пара­ходно дружество решило да ре­гулира Марица и пусне кораби до Пловдив, но с появата на железницата, корабоплаването взело да запа­да.

Изсичането на полските го­ри и бентовете за напояване на оризовите полета лека-полека започнали да пресушават реката и в началото на XX в. дори саловете изчезнали. Най-евтиният път през Тракия оста­нал в историята.

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